Table of Contents
Learning to play jazz and modern chord progressions often involves understanding thirteenth chords. These chords add richness and complexity to music, but their voicing can be challenging for beginners. In this article, we explore the top five common thirteenth chord voicing patterns that are perfect for beginners to master and incorporate into their playing.
1. Root Position Thirteenth Voicing
The root position voicing is the most straightforward way to play a thirteenth chord. It includes the root, third, fifth, seventh, ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth, with the root as the bass note. This voicing is often used in jazz comping and provides a full, rich sound.
Example: C13 chord in root position:
- C (root)
- E (3rd)
- G (5th)
- B♭ (7th)
- D (9th)
- F (11th)
- A (13th)
2. Drop 2 Voicing
The Drop 2 voicing involves dropping the second highest note from the close position down an octave. This creates a more open sound and is easier to play on the guitar and piano. It emphasizes the 13th and 7th tones, making it very characteristic of jazz voicings.
Example: C13 Drop 2:
- B♭ (7th)
- E (3rd)
- D (9th)
- A (13th)
- G (5th)
3. Shell Voicing
Shell voicings focus on the essential tones, typically the 3rd, 7th, and 13th. This minimal approach allows for a clear and distinctive sound, making it ideal for comping and quick improvisation. It is also easier for beginners to memorize and play.
Example: C13 Shell:
- E (3rd)
- B♭ (7th)
- A (13th)
4. 2-5-1 Progression Voicing
This voicing pattern is commonly used in jazz standards, especially in ii-V-I progressions. It involves voicing the chords with a focus on the 2nd, 5th, and 1st chords, often emphasizing the 13th tone for a smooth, connected sound. It’s a great pattern for improvisation and comping.
Example: Dm7 – G13 – Cmaj7:
- Dm7: D – F – A – C
- G13: G – B – D – E – F – A – B
- Cmaj7: C – E – G – B
5. Quartal Voicing
Quartal voicings are built using stacking perfect fourths. This modern voicing style gives a contemporary sound and is very popular in jazz and fusion music. For beginners, it offers a different approach to voicing thirteenth chords, focusing on intervallic relationships rather than traditional triads.
Example: C13 Quartal Voicing:
- C (root)
- F (4th)
- B♭ (7th)
- E (9th)
- A (13th)
Conclusion
Mastering these five voicing patterns will give beginners a solid foundation in playing thirteenth chords. Practice them in different keys and progressions to develop versatility and musicality. With time, these voicings will become natural tools for improvisation and composition in jazz and contemporary music styles.